feat(core-shared): add withRateLimit wrapper and conformance enforcement

- Add withRateLimit(rateLimit, fn) in rate-limit/with-rate-limit.ts,
  attaching the RateLimited brand at DI bind time
- Extend wireUseCase to accept optional rateLimit?: IRateLimit and
  compose withRateLimit innermost (before analytics/audit); propagate
  __rateLimited through analytics + audit inline wrappers
- Extend withSpan and withCapture PROPAGATED_BRANDS to include
  __rateLimited so the outermost binding carries the brand
- Extend assertFeatureConformance to require __rateLimited brand when
  manifest.useCases[name].rateLimit.length > 0; refactored into
  helper functions to stay within complexity thresholds
- Add rateLimit?: IRateLimit to BindContext; default to NoopRateLimit
  in web-next bindAllProduction and bindAllDevSeed aggregators
- Unit tests for withRateLimit brand attachment, factory passthrough,
  and composition; synthetic fixture tests for conformance errors

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

apps/web-next/src/server/bind-production.ts

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ import {
   PayloadJobQueue,
   type IJobQueue,
 } from "@repo/core-shared/jobs";
+import { NoopRateLimit } from "@repo/core-shared/rate-limit";
 import { bindProductionBlog } from "@repo/blog/di/bind-production";
 import { bindProductionAuth } from "@repo/auth/di/bind-production";
 import { bindProductionMarketingPages } from "@repo/marketing-pages/di/bind-production";
@@ -97,6 +98,7 @@ export async function bindAllProduction(): Promise<void> {
     tracer,
     logger,
     queue,
+    rateLimit: new NoopRateLimit(),
   };
 
   bindProductionAuth(ctx);
@@ -121,6 +123,7 @@ export async function bindAllDevSeed(): Promise<void> {
     tracer,
     logger,
     queue,
+    rateLimit: new NoopRateLimit(),
   };
 
   await bindDevSeedAuth(ctx);

coverage/summary.json

@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 {
-  "generatedAt": "2026-05-20T08:43:15.868Z",
+  "generatedAt": "2026-05-20T08:59:30.996Z",
-  "commit": "a478a8e",
+  "commit": "24b2490",
   "repo": {
-    "statements": 97.41,
+    "statements": 97.43,
-    "branches": 92.31,
+    "branches": 92.35,
-    "functions": 97.18,
+    "functions": 97.21,
-    "lines": 97.41,
+    "lines": 97.43,
     "counts": {
-      "lf": 5867,
+      "lf": 5910,
-      "lh": 5715,
+      "lh": 5758,
-      "brf": 1184,
+      "brf": 1190,
-      "brh": 1093,
+      "brh": 1099,
-      "fnf": 354,
+      "fnf": 358,
-      "fnh": 344
+      "fnh": 348
     }
   },
   "byPackage": {
@@ -101,17 +101,17 @@
       }
     },
     "@repo/core-shared": {
-      "statements": 98.15,
+      "statements": 98.21,
-      "branches": 96.12,
+      "branches": 96.19,
-      "functions": 92.73,
+      "functions": 92.98,
-      "lines": 98.15,
+      "lines": 98.21,
       "counts": {
-        "lf": 1133,
+        "lf": 1176,
-        "lh": 1112,
+        "lh": 1155,
-        "brf": 335,
+        "brf": 341,
-        "brh": 322,
+        "brh": 328,
-        "fnf": 110,
+        "fnf": 114,
-        "fnh": 102
+        "fnh": 106
       }
     },
     "@repo/core-ui": {

packages/core-shared/src/conformance/assert-bindings.test.ts

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import { attachBrand } from "@/conformance/brand-runtime";
 import type { ITracer, ISpan } from "@/instrumentation/tracer.interface";
 import type { ILogger } from "@/instrumentation/logger.interface";
 import type { BindContext } from "@/di/bind-context";
+import type { RateLimitBudget } from "@/rate-limit/rate-limit.interface";
 
 function makeTracer(): ITracer {
   return {
@@ -396,4 +397,126 @@ describe("assertFeatureConformance", () => {
       assertFeatureConformance(container, manifest, { signIn: sym }, ctx),
     ).not.toThrow();
   });
+
+  it("throws when use case declares rateLimit but binding is missing __rateLimited brand", () => {
+    const container = new Container();
+    const sym = Symbol("test.signIn");
+    const ctx = makeCtx();
+    const wrappedNoRateLimit = withSpan(
+      ctx.tracer,
+      { name: "test.signIn", op: "use-case" },
+      withCapture(
+        ctx.logger,
+        { feature: "test", layer: "use-case" },
+        async (x: number) => x,
+      ),
+    );
+    container.bind(sym).toConstantValue(wrappedNoRateLimit);
+
+    const rateLimitBudget: RateLimitBudget = {
+      name: "global",
+      window: "1m",
+      budget: 60,
+    };
+    const manifest = defineFeature({
+      name: "test",
+      requiredCores: [],
+      useCases: {
+        signIn: {
+          mutates: false,
+          audits: [],
+          publishes: [],
+          consumes: [],
+          rateLimit: [rateLimitBudget],
+        },
+      },
+      realtimeChannels: [],
+      jobs: [],
+    } as const);
+
+    expect(() =>
+      assertFeatureConformance(container, manifest, { signIn: sym }, ctx),
+    ).toThrow(ConformanceError);
+    expect(() =>
+      assertFeatureConformance(container, manifest, { signIn: sym }, ctx),
+    ).toThrow(/__rateLimited/);
+  });
+
+  it("passes when use case declares rateLimit and binding carries __rateLimited brand", () => {
+    const container = new Container();
+    const sym = Symbol("test.signIn");
+    const ctx = makeCtx();
+    const base = withSpan(
+      ctx.tracer,
+      { name: "test.signIn", op: "use-case" },
+      withCapture(
+        ctx.logger,
+        { feature: "test", layer: "use-case" },
+        async (x: number) => x,
+      ),
+    );
+    attachBrand(base, "__rateLimited");
+    container.bind(sym).toConstantValue(base);
+
+    const rateLimitBudget: RateLimitBudget = {
+      name: "global",
+      window: "1m",
+      budget: 60,
+    };
+    const manifest = defineFeature({
+      name: "test",
+      requiredCores: [],
+      useCases: {
+        signIn: {
+          mutates: false,
+          audits: [],
+          publishes: [],
+          consumes: [],
+          rateLimit: [rateLimitBudget],
+        },
+      },
+      realtimeChannels: [],
+      jobs: [],
+    } as const);
+
+    expect(() =>
+      assertFeatureConformance(container, manifest, { signIn: sym }, ctx),
+    ).not.toThrow();
+  });
+
+  it("passes when rateLimit is empty and __rateLimited brand is absent", () => {
+    const container = new Container();
+    const sym = Symbol("test.signIn");
+    const ctx = makeCtx();
+    const bound = withSpan(
+      ctx.tracer,
+      { name: "test.signIn", op: "use-case" },
+      withCapture(
+        ctx.logger,
+        { feature: "test", layer: "use-case" },
+        async (x: number) => x,
+      ),
+    );
+    container.bind(sym).toConstantValue(bound);
+
+    const manifest = defineFeature({
+      name: "test",
+      requiredCores: [],
+      useCases: {
+        signIn: {
+          mutates: false,
+          audits: [],
+          publishes: [],
+          consumes: [],
+          rateLimit: [],
+        },
+      },
+      realtimeChannels: [],
+      jobs: [],
+    } as const);
+
+    expect(() =>
+      assertFeatureConformance(container, manifest, { signIn: sym }, ctx),
+    ).not.toThrow();
+  });
 });

packages/core-shared/src/conformance/assert-bindings.ts

@@ -1,15 +1,66 @@
 import type { Container } from "inversify";
-import type { FeatureManifest } from "./define-feature";
+import type { FeatureManifest, UseCaseManifest } from "./define-feature";
 import {
   isInstrumented,
   isCaptured,
   isAudited,
   isAnalyzed,
   isConsentChecked,
+  isRateLimited,
 } from "./brand-runtime";
 import { ConformanceError } from "./conformance-error";
 import type { BindContext } from "../di/bind-context";
 
+function requireBrand(ok: boolean, label: string, message: string): void {
+  if (!ok) throw new ConformanceError(`${label}: ${message}`);
+}
+
+function checkUseCaseBrands(
+  bound: unknown,
+  label: string,
+  useCase: UseCaseManifest,
+  requiresConsent: boolean,
+): void {
+  requireBrand(
+    isInstrumented(bound),
+    label,
+    "missing __instrumented brand — was withSpan applied at bind time?",
+  );
+  requireBrand(
+    isCaptured(bound),
+    label,
+    "missing __captured brand — was withCapture applied at bind time?",
+  );
+  if (useCase.mutates && useCase.audits.length > 0) {
+    requireBrand(
+      isAudited(bound),
+      label,
+      "declares audits but binding is missing __audited brand — was withAudit applied at bind time?",
+    );
+  }
+  if ((useCase.analyticsEvents?.length ?? 0) > 0) {
+    requireBrand(
+      isAnalyzed(bound),
+      label,
+      "declares analyticsEvents but binding is missing __analyzed brand — was withAnalytics applied at bind time?",
+    );
+  }
+  if (requiresConsent) {
+    requireBrand(
+      isConsentChecked(bound),
+      label,
+      "feature declares requiresConsent but binding is missing __consentChecked brand — was withConsent applied at bind time?",
+    );
+  }
+  if ((useCase.rateLimit?.length ?? 0) > 0) {
+    requireBrand(
+      isRateLimited(bound),
+      label,
+      "declares rateLimit but binding is missing __rateLimited brand — was withRateLimit applied at bind time?",
+    );
+  }
+}
+
 /**
  * Runtime check that every manifest-declared use case is bound through the
  * brand-attaching wrappers (`withSpan` → `__instrumented`,
@@ -32,6 +83,7 @@ export function assertFeatureConformance(
   _ctx: BindContext,
 ): void {
   void _ctx; // future: also check ctx.bus / ctx.auditLog presence vs requiredCores
+  const requiresConsent = (manifest.requiresConsent?.length ?? 0) > 0;
   for (const [name, useCase] of Object.entries(manifest.useCases)) {
     const sym = symbols[name];
     if (!sym) {
@@ -47,36 +99,11 @@ export function assertFeatureConformance(
         `${manifest.name}.${name}: container could not resolve symbol (${String(cause)})`,
       );
     }
-    if (!isInstrumented(bound)) {
+    checkUseCaseBrands(
-      throw new ConformanceError(
+      bound,
-        `${manifest.name}.${name}: missing __instrumented brand — was withSpan applied at bind time?`,
+      `${manifest.name}.${name}`,
+      useCase,
+      requiresConsent,
     );
   }
-    if (!isCaptured(bound)) {
-      throw new ConformanceError(
-        `${manifest.name}.${name}: missing __captured brand — was withCapture applied at bind time?`,
-      );
-    }
-    if (useCase.mutates && useCase.audits.length > 0) {
-      if (!isAudited(bound)) {
-        throw new ConformanceError(
-          `${manifest.name}.${name}: declares audits but binding is missing __audited brand — was withAudit applied at bind time?`,
-        );
-      }
-    }
-    if ((useCase.analyticsEvents?.length ?? 0) > 0) {
-      if (!isAnalyzed(bound)) {
-        throw new ConformanceError(
-          `${manifest.name}.${name}: declares analyticsEvents but binding is missing __analyzed brand — was withAnalytics applied at bind time?`,
-        );
-      }
-    }
-    if ((manifest.requiresConsent?.length ?? 0) > 0) {
-      if (!isConsentChecked(bound)) {
-        throw new ConformanceError(
-          `${manifest.name}.${name}: feature declares requiresConsent but binding is missing __consentChecked brand — was withConsent applied at bind time?`,
-        );
-      }
-    }
-  }
 }

packages/core-shared/src/conformance/wire-use-case.test.ts

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import {
   isCaptured,
   isAudited,
   isAnalyzed,
+  isRateLimited,
 } from "@/conformance/brand-runtime";
 import type {
   ITracer,
@@ -15,6 +16,7 @@ import type {
 } from "@/instrumentation/tracer.interface";
 import type { ILogger } from "@/instrumentation/logger.interface";
 import type { AuditLogProtocol, AnalyticsProtocol } from "@/di/bind-protocols";
+import { NoopRateLimit } from "@/rate-limit/noop-rate-limit";
 
 function makeTracer() {
   const calls: SpanOpts[] = [];
@@ -381,3 +383,130 @@ describe("wireUseCase — idempotent re-bind", () => {
     expect(container.get(sym)).toBe(second);
   });
 });
+
+describe("wireUseCase — rate limit path", () => {
+  it("attaches RateLimited brand when rateLimit is provided", () => {
+    const { tracer } = makeTracer();
+    const logger = makeLogger();
+    const container = new Container();
+    const sym = Symbol("test.double");
+    const rateLimit = new NoopRateLimit();
+
+    const wired = wireUseCase({
+      container,
+      symbol: sym,
+      factory: doubleFactory,
+      deps: [],
+      feature: "test",
+      layer: "use-case",
+      name: "double",
+      tracer,
+      logger,
+      rateLimit,
+    });
+
+    expect(isRateLimited(wired)).toBe(true);
+    expect(isInstrumented(wired)).toBe(true);
+    expect(isCaptured(wired)).toBe(true);
+  });
+
+  it("does not attach RateLimited brand when rateLimit is absent", () => {
+    const { tracer } = makeTracer();
+    const logger = makeLogger();
+    const container = new Container();
+    const sym = Symbol("test.double");
+
+    const wired = wireUseCase({
+      container,
+      symbol: sym,
+      factory: doubleFactory,
+      deps: [],
+      feature: "test",
+      layer: "use-case",
+      name: "double",
+      tracer,
+      logger,
+    });
+
+    expect(isRateLimited(wired)).toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  it("executes factory correctly when rateLimit is provided", async () => {
+    const { tracer } = makeTracer();
+    const logger = makeLogger();
+    const container = new Container();
+    const sym = Symbol("test.double");
+    const rateLimit = new NoopRateLimit();
+
+    const wired = wireUseCase({
+      container,
+      symbol: sym,
+      factory: doubleFactory,
+      deps: [],
+      feature: "test",
+      layer: "use-case",
+      name: "double",
+      tracer,
+      logger,
+      rateLimit,
+    });
+
+    await expect(wired(5)).resolves.toBe(10);
+  });
+
+  it("attaches RateLimited + Analyzed brands when both rateLimit and analytics are provided", () => {
+    const { tracer } = makeTracer();
+    const logger = makeLogger();
+    const container = new Container();
+    const sym = Symbol("test.double");
+    const rateLimit = new NoopRateLimit();
+    const analytics = makeAnalytics();
+
+    const wired = wireUseCase({
+      container,
+      symbol: sym,
+      factory: doubleFactory,
+      deps: [],
+      feature: "test",
+      layer: "use-case",
+      name: "double",
+      tracer,
+      logger,
+      rateLimit,
+      analytics,
+    });
+
+    expect(isRateLimited(wired)).toBe(true);
+    expect(isAnalyzed(wired)).toBe(true);
+    expect(isInstrumented(wired)).toBe(true);
+    expect(isCaptured(wired)).toBe(true);
+  });
+
+  it("attaches RateLimited + Audited brands when both rateLimit and auditLog are provided", () => {
+    const { tracer } = makeTracer();
+    const logger = makeLogger();
+    const container = new Container();
+    const sym = Symbol("test.double");
+    const rateLimit = new NoopRateLimit();
+    const auditLog = makeAuditLog();
+
+    const wired = wireUseCase({
+      container,
+      symbol: sym,
+      factory: doubleFactory,
+      deps: [],
+      feature: "test",
+      layer: "use-case",
+      name: "double",
+      tracer,
+      logger,
+      rateLimit,
+      auditLog,
+    });
+
+    expect(isRateLimited(wired)).toBe(true);
+    expect(isAudited(wired)).toBe(true);
+    expect(isInstrumented(wired)).toBe(true);
+    expect(isCaptured(wired)).toBe(true);
+  });
+});

packages/core-shared/src/conformance/wire-use-case.ts

@@ -2,8 +2,10 @@ import type { Container } from "inversify";
 import type { ITracer } from "../instrumentation/tracer.interface";
 import type { ILogger } from "../instrumentation/logger.interface";
 import type { AuditLogProtocol, AnalyticsProtocol } from "../di/bind-protocols";
+import type { IRateLimit } from "../rate-limit/rate-limit.interface";
 import { withSpan } from "../instrumentation/with-span";
 import { withCapture } from "../instrumentation/with-capture";
+import { withRateLimit } from "../rate-limit/with-rate-limit";
 import { attachBrand } from "./brand-runtime";
 
 export type WireUseCaseOptions<
@@ -22,6 +24,7 @@ export type WireUseCaseOptions<
   logger: ILogger;
   analytics?: AnalyticsProtocol;
   auditLog?: AuditLogProtocol;
+  rateLimit?: IRateLimit;
 };
 
 /**
@@ -53,6 +56,7 @@ export function wireUseCase<
     logger,
     analytics,
     auditLog,
+    rateLimit,
   } = opts;
 
   const spanName = `${feature}.${name}`;
@@ -60,17 +64,27 @@ export function wireUseCase<
 
   const raw = factory(...deps);
 
-  let toWrap: (...args: FnArgs) => Promise<R>;
+  // rateLimit is innermost — wraps raw before analytics/audit. Attaches
-  // analytics is innermost — wraps raw before audit. withAnalytics lives in
+  // __rateLimited so withCapture + withSpan can propagate it to the outermost binding.
+  let toWrap: (...args: FnArgs) => Promise<R> =
+    rateLimit !== undefined ? withRateLimit(rateLimit, raw) : raw;
+
+  // analytics wraps rateLimit (or raw) before audit. withAnalytics lives in
   // @repo/core-analytics which depends on core-shared (not vice versa), so we
   // replicate the forwarding-wrapper semantics inline to avoid a circular dep.
   if (analytics !== undefined) {
     void analytics; // reserved for future automated event recording from manifest declarations
-    const analyzed: (...args: FnArgs) => Promise<R> = (...args) => raw(...args);
+    const prev = toWrap;
+    const analyzed: (...args: FnArgs) => Promise<R> = (...args) =>
+      prev(...args);
     attachBrand(analyzed, "__analyzed");
+    // propagate __rateLimited from inner so withCapture/withSpan see it
+    if (
+      (prev as unknown as Record<string, unknown>)["__rateLimited"] === true
+    ) {
+      attachBrand(analyzed, "__rateLimited");
+    }
     toWrap = analyzed;
-  } else {
-    toWrap = raw;
   }
   if (auditLog !== undefined) {
     void auditLog; // reserved for future automated audit recording from manifest declarations
@@ -78,11 +92,16 @@ export function wireUseCase<
     const prev = toWrap;
     const audited: (...args: FnArgs) => Promise<R> = (...args) => prev(...args);
     attachBrand(audited, "__audited");
-    // propagate __analyzed from the analytics layer below so withCapture/withSpan
+    // propagate __analyzed and __rateLimited from inner so withCapture/withSpan
-    // can see it on the outermost binding
+    // can see them on the outermost binding
     if ((prev as unknown as Record<string, unknown>)["__analyzed"] === true) {
       attachBrand(audited, "__analyzed");
     }
+    if (
+      (prev as unknown as Record<string, unknown>)["__rateLimited"] === true
+    ) {
+      attachBrand(audited, "__rateLimited");
+    }
     toWrap = audited;
   }
 

packages/core-shared/src/di/bind-context.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import type { SanitizedConfig } from "payload";
 import type { ITracer, ILogger } from "../instrumentation";
 import type { IJobQueue } from "../jobs";
+import type { IRateLimit } from "../rate-limit/rate-limit.interface";
 import type {
   EventBusProtocol,
   RealtimeBroadcasterProtocol,
@@ -45,6 +46,7 @@ export type BindContext<
   auditLog?: Audit;
   analytics?: Analytics;
   consentFactory?: ConsentFactoryProtocol;
+  rateLimit?: IRateLimit;
 };
 
 /** Production binders also receive the resolved Payload config. */

packages/core-shared/src/instrumentation/with-capture.ts

@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ export function withCapture<Args extends unknown[], R>(
     "__audited",
     "__analyzed",
     "__consentChecked",
+    "__rateLimited",
   ] as const;
 
   const wrapped: (...args: Args) => Promise<R> = async (...args) => {

packages/core-shared/src/instrumentation/with-span.ts

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ const PROPAGATED_BRANDS = [
   "__audited",
   "__analyzed",
   "__consentChecked",
+  "__rateLimited",
 ] as const;
 
 export function withSpan<Args extends unknown[], R, Extra extends object>(

packages/core-shared/src/rate-limit/index.ts

@@ -5,3 +5,4 @@ export type {
 } from "./rate-limit.interface";
 export { NoopRateLimit } from "./noop-rate-limit";
 export { InMemoryRateLimit } from "./in-memory-rate-limit";
+export { withRateLimit } from "./with-rate-limit";

packages/core-shared/src/rate-limit/with-rate-limit.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+import { describe, it, expect, expectTypeOf } from "vitest";
+import { withRateLimit } from "@/rate-limit/with-rate-limit";
+import {
+  isRateLimited,
+  isInstrumented,
+  isCaptured,
+} from "@/conformance/brand-runtime";
+import { attachBrand } from "@/conformance/brand-runtime";
+import type { RateLimited } from "@/conformance/brands";
+import { NoopRateLimit } from "@/rate-limit/noop-rate-limit";
+
+function makeRateLimit() {
+  return new NoopRateLimit();
+}
+
+describe("withRateLimit — brand", () => {
+  it("returns a RateLimited<F> type", () => {
+    const rateLimit = makeRateLimit();
+    const fn = async (a: number) => a + 1;
+    const wrapped = withRateLimit(rateLimit, fn);
+    expectTypeOf(wrapped).toMatchTypeOf<RateLimited<typeof fn>>();
+  });
+
+  it("attaches __rateLimited as a non-enumerable property", () => {
+    const rateLimit = makeRateLimit();
+    const wrapped = withRateLimit(rateLimit, async (x: number) => x + 1);
+    expect(isRateLimited(wrapped)).toBe(true);
+    expect(Object.keys(wrapped)).not.toContain("__rateLimited");
+  });
+});
+
+describe("withRateLimit — factory passthrough", () => {
+  it("forwards arguments and return value unchanged on success", async () => {
+    const rateLimit = makeRateLimit();
+    const fn = async (a: number, b: number) => a + b;
+    const wrapped = withRateLimit(rateLimit, fn);
+    await expect(wrapped(3, 4)).resolves.toBe(7);
+  });
+
+  it("re-throws errors from the inner function", async () => {
+    const rateLimit = makeRateLimit();
+    const err = new Error("inner failure");
+    const fn = async () => {
+      throw err;
+    };
+    const wrapped = withRateLimit(rateLimit, fn);
+    await expect(wrapped()).rejects.toBe(err);
+  });
+});
+
+describe("withRateLimit — does not attach other brands", () => {
+  it("does not attach __instrumented or __captured", () => {
+    const rateLimit = makeRateLimit();
+    const wrapped = withRateLimit(rateLimit, async (x: number) => x);
+    expect(isInstrumented(wrapped)).toBe(false);
+    expect(isCaptured(wrapped)).toBe(false);
+  });
+});
+
+describe("withRateLimit — composition with other wrappers", () => {
+  it("composed result carries __rateLimited when withRateLimit is innermost", () => {
+    const rateLimit = makeRateLimit();
+    const raw = async (x: number) => x * 2;
+    const rateLimited = withRateLimit(rateLimit, raw);
+
+    // Simulate outer wrapper propagating __rateLimited
+    const outer: typeof raw = (...args) => rateLimited(...args);
+    if (
+      (rateLimited as unknown as Record<string, unknown>)["__rateLimited"] ===
+      true
+    ) {
+      attachBrand(outer, "__rateLimited");
+    }
+    expect(isRateLimited(outer)).toBe(true);
+  });
+
+  it("original fn reference is not mutated", () => {
+    const rateLimit = makeRateLimit();
+    const fn = async (x: number) => x;
+    const wrapped = withRateLimit(rateLimit, fn);
+    expect(wrapped).not.toBe(fn);
+    expect(isRateLimited(fn)).toBe(false);
+    expect(isRateLimited(wrapped)).toBe(true);
+  });
+});

packages/core-shared/src/rate-limit/with-rate-limit.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+import type { IRateLimit } from "./rate-limit.interface";
+import type { RateLimited } from "../conformance/brands";
+import { attachBrand } from "../conformance/brand-runtime";
+
+/**
+ * Use-case wrapper applied at DI bind time. Attaches the `__rateLimited`
+ * brand so the boot-time assertion can verify rate-limited use cases were
+ * bound through the rate-limit-aware path.
+ *
+ * The forward closure keeps the brand on a fresh function so the original
+ * `fn` reference is not mutated — important when the same factory output is
+ * used elsewhere unwrapped (dev-seed paths, tests).
+ *
+ * Composition order (outermost to innermost):
+ *   withSpan → withCapture → withAudit → withAnalytics → withRateLimit → factory(deps)
+ */
+export function withRateLimit<Args extends unknown[], R>(
+  rateLimit: IRateLimit,
+  fn: (...args: Args) => Promise<R>,
+): RateLimited<(...args: Args) => Promise<R>> {
+  void rateLimit; // future: enforce rate limit at runtime per manifest budgets
+  const wrapped: (...args: Args) => Promise<R> = (...args) => fn(...args);
+  attachBrand(wrapped, "__rateLimited");
+  return wrapped as RateLimited<(...args: Args) => Promise<R>>;
+}